How does specific gravity affect pump selection?

Specific gravity is a crucial factor in pump selection as it directly influences the required horsepower and efficiency of the pump. Specific gravity measures the density of the liquid being pumped relative to the density of water. When the fluid has a higher specific gravity, it means the pump must work harder to move the liquid. This translates to an increase in the horsepower required to maintain optimal pump performance.

In terms of efficiency, the specific gravity of the fluid impacts the hydraulic calculations used to design the pumping system. A higher specific gravity often results in lower flow rates for the same horsepower compared to a lower specific gravity fluid, meaning the pump must be specifically tailored or selected to ensure it operates effectively under the liquid's characteristics. Proper understanding of specific gravity allows operators to select the appropriate pump size and type, ensuring efficient operation and minimizing wear and tear on the equipment.